多(duo)年來因(yin)機房空調漏水引(yin)發的通(tong)信(xin)事故(gu)時有發生，給國家(jia)和(he)企(qi)業造成了嚴重的經(jing)濟損失(shi)和(he)社會影響(xiang)。如何有效的做好隱(yin)患防范和(he)消除工(gong)作，一直是各級電源維護工(gong)作者在思考和(he)探討的問題。所以通(tong)信(xin)機房的安全生產(chan)始(shi)終是各級維護人(ren)員長抓不懈(xie)的一項(xiang)重要工(gong)作。
機(ji)房空調現(xian)有的防范措(cuo)施和方(fang)法
機房(fang)專用(yong)恒(heng)溫恒(heng)濕空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)是(shi)(shi)機房(fang)安全(quan)運行的(de)(de)保障(zhang)，空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)供(gong)(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)道是(shi)(shi)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)加濕設(she)備必不(bu)可(ke)少(shao)的(de)(de)基礎(chu)設(she)施。為了防止機房(fang)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)供(gong)(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)道漏(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)引發的(de)(de)通信故障(zhang)，廣大電源維護工(gong)作(zuo)者做(zuo)了大量(liang)的(de)(de)防范(fan)(fan)工(gong)作(zuo)，目(mu)前(qian)普遍采(cai)用(yong)的(de)(de)方(fang)法(fa)有(you)：安裝(zhuang)動力環境監控設(she)備、砌防水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)墻、制作(zuo)防水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)盤、采(cai)用(yong)雙層水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)保護、一臺空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)一路(lu)供(gong)(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)道等眾多方(fang)法(fa)。經過實(shi)踐證明，這些防范(fan)(fan)措施在(zai)防止空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)排(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)少(shao)量(liang)漏(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)情況下是(shi)(shi)可(ke)行的(de)(de)。但這些被動防范(fan)(fan)的(de)(de)措施，在(zai)供(gong)(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)道漏(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時并不(bu)是(shi)(shi)真正最有(you)效的(de)(de)防護方(fang)法(fa)。從目(mu)前(qian)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)供(gong)(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系統普遍采(cai)用(yong)的(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)方(fang)式和防范(fan)(fan)措施分析可(ke)以(yi)發現以(yi)下問(wen)題：
1、機(ji)房內空(kong)(kong)調(diao)供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)管道(dao)與城(cheng)(cheng)市自來(lai)水(shui)(shui)管網(wang)直(zhi)接(jie)(jie)連接(jie)(jie)的供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)方式(shi)(shi)是(shi)(shi)當前(qian)大(da)家(jia)多(duo)年來(lai)普(pu)遍采用的供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)方式(shi)(shi)，為了滿足高層建筑的供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)需求，城(cheng)(cheng)市自來(lai)水(shui)(shui)管網(wang)的壓(ya)強(qiang)(qiang)在0.3MPa到(dao)0.6MPa之間(0.1MPa=10米(mi)水(shui)(shui)柱)，空(kong)(kong)調(diao)供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)管道(dao)在使用中，承受著與城(cheng)(cheng)市自來(lai)水(shui)(shui)管網(wang)同樣的壓(ya)強(qiang)(qiang)，有這樣一(yi)(yi)根(gen)高壓(ya)的供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)管道(dao)從(cong)機(ji)房內穿過(guo)，這本是(shi)(shi)就是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)個潛(qian)在的安全隱(yin)患。同時我(wo)們(men)也(ye)可以這樣認為，由(you)于我(wo)們(men)長期沿用的供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)方式(shi)(shi)，人為的給自己(ji)制造(zao)了這樣一(yi)(yi)個安全隱(yin)患。
2、空調供(gong)水管(guan)道一(yi)旦(dan)有破(po)損，在高壓(ya)強的作用下短時間內會有大量的水噴出，如(ru)果不能及時發現和采取應急措施(shi)必將引(yin)發事故。
3、在空調供水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管道向外噴(pen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)落點(dian)與噴(pen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)口會一定的(de)(de)距離。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)一旦(dan)不能噴(pen)射到機房環境監控中的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)淹(yan)報警(jing)探頭上，就延(yan)誤(wu)了(le)告警(jing)時(shi)(shi)間，當告警(jing)真(zhen)正發(fa)生時(shi)(shi)地板上也許已經是成(cheng)片(pian)的(de)(de)積水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)了(le)。
4、砌防水墻、制作防水盤(pan)、采用一臺空調(diao)一路(lu)供水管(guan)道等防范措施只是被動的防護措施，并不能從根本上解決隱患(huan)問題，在一定(ding)程度上，還(huan)影響了機房(fang)的美(mei)觀和布局(特別是在上走線(xian)機房(fang))。
機房空調安全(quan)供(gong)水方案的實施(shi)
通過以上(shang)分析我們認為解決(jue)機房(fang)空調漏水的關(guan)鍵在于：降(jiang)低進入(ru)機房(fang)供(gong)水管道的壓強(qiang)和有效(xiao)控制水源。
降(jiang)(jiang)低機房(fang)空(kong)(kong)調(diao)供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)管道(dao)的(de)壓強(qiang)(qiang)是(shi)解決(jue)漏水(shui)(shui)(shui)隱患的(de)關(guan)鍵(jian)。機房(fang)專用(yong)空(kong)(kong)調(diao)加濕器的(de)供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)統，選用(yong)的(de)是(shi)小流量(liang)上水(shui)(shui)(shui)電磁(ci)閥和很細的(de)供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)管，其目的(de)是(shi)用(yong)于控制水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)流量(liang)和防(fang)止上水(shui)(shui)(shui)時的(de)噴(pen)濺。通過對(dui)機房(fang)專用(yong)空(kong)(kong)調(diao)加濕器的(de)供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)統的(de)分析(xi)，我們認為(wei)機房(fang)專用(yong)空(kong)(kong)調(diao)加濕罐(guan)補水(shui)(shui)(shui)時并不需(xu)要過高(gao)的(de)供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)壓力，相反降(jiang)(jiang)低了機房(fang)空(kong)(kong)調(diao)供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)管道(dao)的(de)壓強(qiang)(qiang)，可使(shi)供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)管道(dao)中的(de)閥門、接頭(tou)、彎頭(tou)、管壁所承受的(de)壓力降(jiang)(jiang)低，安(an)全系(xi)數提高(gao)，有(you)利于機房(fang)空(kong)(kong)調(diao)安(an)全供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)實現。
機房(fang)安全供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)方案的(de)(de)(de)實施(shi)。機房(fang)安全供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)方案主要有(you)：水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)(xiang)、浮球閥(fa)、電(dian)磁閥(fa)、供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)控(kong)制器、機房(fang)動(dong)力環(huan)(huan)境監系統(tong)、供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)組成。其工作原理是這樣的(de)(de)(de)，在空調(diao)供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)上(shang)安裝一(yi)個(ge)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)(xiang)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)進水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)口裝有(you)一(yi)個(ge)浮球閥(fa)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)出水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)口通(tong)過一(yi)個(ge)電(dian)磁閥(fa)與原有(you)空調(diao)供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)連(lian)接完(wan)成管(guan)(guan)道(dao)供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)的(de)(de)(de)連(lian)接，在管(guan)(guan)道(dao)的(de)(de)(de)下(xia)部地板上(shang)機房(fang)動(dong)力環(huan)(huan)境監系統(tong)本身布放有(you)一(yi)定數量的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)淹報(bao)警(jing)控(kong)制器，報(bao)警(jing)探頭控(kong)制器與供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)控(kong)制器連(lian)接。
其(qi)工(gong)作原理是(shi)這樣的：自來水(shui)(shui)通過浮(fu)球閥(fa)進入水(shui)(shui)箱，浮(fu)球閥(fa)(也可(ke)以采用(yong)電子水(shui)(shui)位計)控制水(shui)(shui)箱內水(shui)(shui)位的高低(di)，當空(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)加(jia)濕(shi)器(qi)需要(yao)工(gong)作時，空(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)上水(shui)(shui)電磁閥(fa)打開(kai)，水(shui)(shui)箱內的水(shui)(shui)經過供(gong)水(shui)(shui)管道，進入空(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)加(jia)濕(shi)器(qi)，加(jia)濕(shi)器(qi)開(kai)始(shi)工(gong)作。水(shui)(shui)箱與(yu)空(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)加(jia)濕(shi)器(qi)進水(shui)(shui)口的高度差(cha)是(shi)2米，那么(me)這時空(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)供(gong)水(shui)(shui)管道中的實際壓強就(jiu)可(ke)計算(suan)出來：
液體壓強公式(shi)P=ρhg=1000kg/m3×2m×10N/kg
=20000N/m2=20KPa=0.02MPa
其中：ρ=1000kg/m3；h=2m；g=10N/kg
采用這(zhe)種供(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)方案(an)，機房空(kong)調(diao)供(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)內水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)實際壓(ya)強(qiang)只(zhi)有(you)0.02Mpa，空(kong)調(diao)供(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)日常所(suo)承(cheng)受的(de)壓(ya)強(qiang)遠遠小(xiao)于(yu)自來水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)網的(de)壓(ya)強(qiang)，安(an)全系數(shu)明顯提高。假設空(kong)調(diao)供(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)發(fa)生漏(lou)(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)現(xian)象，出水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量會遠遠小(xiao)于(yu)原有(you)的(de)供(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系統;管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)壓(ya)強(qiang)降低后，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)只(zhi)會滴落在供(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)附近不會發(fa)生噴濺，而且水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)淹(yan)探(tan)頭很容易檢測(ce)到(dao)漏(lou)(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)現(xian)象的(de)存(cun)在，多探(tan)頭水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)淹(yan)報(bao)警控制(zhi)器會同時向機房動力環(huan)境監(jian)(jian)控系統和供(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)控制(zhi)器發(fa)出告警信(xin)息，供(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)控制(zhi)器關閉(bi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)箱出水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)電磁，切斷空(kong)調(diao)加濕器的(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源供(gong)給，把漏(lou)(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)事(shi)故控制(zhi)在起始階段，避免了(le)事(shi)故的(de)發(fa)生。機房動力環(huan)境監(jian)(jian)控系統在監(jian)(jian)控終(zhong)端發(fa)出告警提示，通知值(zhi)班人員(yuan)處(chu)理。
機房空(kong)調安全供(gong)水(shui)方案的可(ke)行性分析
機(ji)房安全(quan)供水方案(an)的實(shi)施我(wo)們認為具有以下特點：
1、由于外力作用和管道質量引(yin)起的(de)漏水現象發生(sheng)時(shi)，不會發生(sheng)大量出水和噴濺的(de)可(ke)能。
2、水箱內的(de)水經過沉淀后進入空調加濕系統，保(bao)證(zheng)了(le)水源的(de)潔凈，減少了(le)空調加濕系統故障(zhang)的(de)發生。
3、機房空調供水管道中水的壓強(qiang)大(da)大(da)降低，從源頭(tou)上(shang)解決造成管道破裂和接頭(tou)漏水的可能(neng)性，提高了供水安全(quan)系數。
4、合(he)理利用(yong)了(le)機房(fang)動力環境監控系統的基礎設(she)施，經濟實(shi)用(yong)。
5、這一方案實現(xian)了告警與(yu)控制(zhi)的聯動，是現(xian)有機(ji)房動力(li)環境監控系統功能的有力(li)補充。
6、水(shui)箱內的存水(shui)可以應對(dui)城市供(gong)水(shui)管網的臨時(shi)停水(shui)，延長(chang)加濕器工作時(shi)間。
7、供(gong)水(shui)系(xi)統與機房動力環境監系(xi)統實現聯動，發生漏水(shui)時，空調供(gong)水(shui)系(xi)統的水(shui)源(yuan)將(jiang)被立即切斷，不(bu)會因大(da)量漏水(shui)而引(yin)發通信(xin)事故。
